He was elected mayor and lived there the rest of his life. In 1836 he founded the town of New Philadelphia, near Barry. McWorter had invested in land there sight unseen after purchasing the first few members of his family out of slavery. Founded by Frank McWorter, an early free black settler in Pike County, it was the first town founded by a black man in the United States. The New Philadelphia Town Site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005, designated a National Historic Landmark in 2009, and established as a National Park in 2022. The Gazetteer of Illinois and Missouri, published in 1822, mentioned Chicago as "a village of Pike County" containing 12 or 15 houses and about 60 or 70 inhabitants. The first county seat was Cole's Grove, a post town, in what later became Calhoun County. The east boundary was the Illinois River north to the Kankakee River to the Indiana State line on north to Wisconsin territorial line and then west to the Mississippi River to the original point at the south end. Originally Pike County began on the south junction of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. Prior to the coming of the first European settler to the future Pike County, French traders, hunters, and travelers passed through the native forests and prairies. Pike served at the Battle of Tippecanoe, and was killed in 1813 in the War of 1812. It was named in honor of Zebulon Pike, leader of the Pike Expedition in 1806 to map out the south and west portions of the Louisiana Purchase. Pike County was formed in January 1821 out of Madison County. According to the 2020 United States Census, it had a population of 14,739. It is located between the Mississippi River and the Illinois River in western Illinois.
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